English may not be an indigenous language in the same historical sense as Sanskrit or Tamil, yet, over two centuries, has acquired a legitimate claim to belong to India

From pidgins to Tolkien and Esperanto, humans have created entirely new languages for many different reasons.

The first issue of a new Anishinaabe language magazine crushes major language obstacles as it leans into skateboarding, snowboarding and surfing to revitalize Indigenous language.

Asab (pronounced AH-sub) is believed to be the first magazine in North America published exclusively in a single Indigenous language. But with no known Anishinaabe words for terms like “kickflip”, “boned out” or “goofy stance,” the editorial team turned to first speakers to create hundreds of never-before-spoken Ojibwe words.

CAVUSTEPE, Turkiye: Mehmet Kusman did not spend very long at school, but he traced the ancient inscriptions chiselled into the black basalt rock and read: “Before me there was nothing. But by the power of the god Haldi I founded this city.” Kusman, 86, has dedicated his life to the fortress of Cavustepe in eastern Turkiye, and to learning the language of the vanished kingdom of Urartu, to honor its forgotten deities and rulers.